U.S. struggles to stabilize Iraq and Syria amid deepening crises

The U.S. faces major challenges in Iraq and Syria, where instability and conflict persist. Despite years of military involvement, key issues remain unresolved—from corruption and economic collapse to humanitarian crises and the threat of extremism. Experts warn that current policies lack clear strategies for long-term solutions in either country. Since 2001, the U.S. has been engaged in counterterrorism efforts and direct conflicts across the Gulf region. In Syria, American intervention began in 2011, yet the country remains devastated. The CIA now estimates Syria’s economy has shrunk to just a third of its 2011 size. Over 13 million people require aid, with 5.6 million refugees and 6.6 million displaced internally. The future of Syria’s Kurds also poses a pressing humanitarian dilemma.

The Trump Administration’s withdrawal from the JCPOA nuclear deal with Iran further strained relations with European allies. Its approach toward Iran relies entirely on pressure, offering no incentives for moderation. Meanwhile, Syria’s strategic priorities—stable governance, broader security, and managing foreign influence—remain unaddressed.

Iraq, ranked the 11th most corrupt nation by Transparency International, demands urgent attention. The country needs large-scale development to bridge divisions and protect its agricultural sector. Yet the U.S. lacks a defined aid plan or strategy to stabilise Iraq, despite its critical role in regional security. Iraq’s importance surpasses Syria’s in terms of defeating ISIS remnants and safeguarding Gulf oil supplies. The U.S. must prioritise breaking up ISIS remnants and securing a full ceasefire in Syria. In Iraq, a coherent strategy is needed to combat corruption, support development, and ensure stability. Without focused action, both nations risk prolonged instability, affecting regional security and humanitarian conditions.