Seven Risk Groups for Heart Disease in Older Adults Identified by New Study

A new study has identified seven distinct risk groups for cardiometabolic diseases in older adults without type 2 diabetes. Researchers analysed data from 843 people aged 61 to 82, revealing significant differences in inflammation levels and disease risk between these clusters. The findings, published in Cardiovascular Diabetology, highlight the importance of early risk assessment even in later life. The KORA F4/FF4 study divided participants into six initial risk groups based on health markers. Cluster 2, labelled 'very low risk,' showed the lowest inflammation and the least likelihood of cardiovascular problems. In contrast, clusters 3, 4, 5, and 6 had a far higher incidence of new type 2 diabetes cases compared to cluster 2.

Cluster 5, described as 'high risk with insulin-resistant fatty liver,' stood out with the highest inflammation values and a heavy disease burden. Researchers also uncovered a seventh group, marked by extreme inflammatory burden and elevated risks for diabetes and related conditions. The study measured markers like CRP, IL-6, and fibrinogen, which were significantly higher in older participants than in younger populations studied previously. The results were published on 19 February 2025 with the DOI 10.1186/s12933-025-02617-8. For further details, Dr. Olaf Spörkel is available as the press contact via telephone (0211-33-82-507) or email ([email protected]).

The study underscores the need for early differentiation of risk groups to improve prevention strategies in older adults. By identifying high-risk clusters, healthcare providers can target interventions more effectively. The findings also confirm that inflammation plays a key role in predicting cardiometabolic complications later in life.