New measles antibodies offer hope for unvaccinated patients in breakthrough study

Measles remains the most contagious infection on Earth, despite the availability of a safe and highly effective vaccine since the 1960s. While the U.S. officially eliminated the disease in 2000, outbreaks have resurfaced due to declining vaccination rates, prompting new research into alternative treatments. A recent study led by Erica Ollmann Saphire, president of the La Jolla Institute for Immunology, has identified four potent antibodies that target two key proteins in measles infection: the H protein and the F protein. Published in Cell Host & Microbe, the research found these antibodies significantly reduced the virus in the lungs of infected rodents when administered one to two days after exposure.

The findings could lead to new treatments for those unable to receive the vaccine, such as immunocompromised individuals and infants under one year old. If proven safe and effective in humans, the approach might be used either as a preventive measure or after measles exposure. However, concerns have been raised about potential risks. David Kennedy, an associate professor of biology, warned that new treatments could drive the virus to evolve, possibly reducing vaccine effectiveness over time. Paul Offit, a pediatrician, reiterated that vaccination remains the most reliable defence against measles.

The study offers a possible alternative for vulnerable groups who cannot be vaccinated. Further testing will determine whether the antibody treatment is viable for human use. For now, experts continue to stress that widespread vaccination is the best way to prevent measles outbreaks.