Scientists unlock how new heart arteries form after injury

Scientists have uncovered how new arteries form in the heart, a discovery that could transform treatment for heart disease. The breakthrough, led by researchers at the German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), reveals a key mechanism shared by both developing embryos and damaged hearts after a heart attack. The team, headed by Holger Gerhardt and Norbert Hüchner, identified a specific group of cells responsible for artery development. Using single-cell sequencing, researcher Elena Cano pinpointed pre-arterial cells—specialised cells already primed to form arteries. These cells originate from tip cells, which guide the growth of new blood vessels.

The same process was observed in human embryonic tissue and in mice recovering from a heart attack. This suggests the mechanism is consistent across different stages of life and species. Currently, treatments for heart attacks and strokes focus on managing symptoms, as the heart struggles to repair itself naturally. The findings, published in *Circulation Research*, open doors to potential therapies. By targeting pre-arterial cells, doctors might one day stimulate the heart's own regenerative abilities. This could help reverse damage caused by heart attacks, rather than just easing symptoms.

The discovery provides a clearer picture of how arteries develop in the heart. It also offers a foundation for future treatments that could encourage the growth of new blood vessels. If successful, such therapies may reduce long-term damage from heart disease and improve recovery for patients.