Untreated gum disease may double Alzheimer's risk over time

Long-term gum disease may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's, according to recent research. Studies suggest that untreated inflammation in the gums could double the chances of the condition over time. Scientists have also found links between certain mouth bacteria and damage to brain cells.

One key bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), has been detected in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. This germ can travel from infected gums to the brain, where it may destroy nerve cells. But it is not the only culprit—other bacteria, such as Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia, also contribute to gum inflammation.

When gum disease goes untreated for years, it can create deep 'gum pockets' filled with harmful bacteria. Over time, this can progress to periodontitis, a severe form of gum infection. Older adults showing signs of gum inflammation have been found more likely to develop Alzheimer's later in life. Research also uncovered that antibodies against P. gingivalis were more common in people aged 65 and over who had Alzheimer's or died from it. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, and other habits can worsen gum inflammation, further raising the risk. Experts now recommend regular dental care, including flossing, as a way to help lower the chances of Alzheimer's.

The findings highlight a potential connection between oral health and brain disease. Untreated gum problems over many years appear to increase Alzheimer's risk, particularly in older adults. Maintaining good dental hygiene could play a role in reducing this threat.