Intermittent fasting eases Crohn's disease symptoms in new study

A new study suggests that intermittent fasting, specifically time-restricted eating, could help manage symptoms of Crohn's disease. Researchers at the University of Calgary found that participants with the condition who followed this diet saw reduced inflammation and weight loss, while those on a regular eating schedule gained weight. The findings offer a potential new approach for some patients struggling with both obesity and the autoimmune disorder.

Crohn's disease is a chronic autoimmune condition that primarily affects the small intestine and colon. Symptoms often include severe diarrhoea, abdominal cramps, and bloody stools. While treatments range from medication to surgery—with around 80% of patients eventually needing an operation—dietary changes, including probiotics, are also explored as supportive therapies.

The study involved 35 adults with Crohn's disease and weight issues. Twenty participants followed an intermittent fasting plan, eating within a set window each day, while the remaining 15 maintained their usual eating habits. After 12 weeks, those on the time-restricted regimen showed a 40% reduction in disease activity and a 50% decrease in abdominal discomfort. They also lost over 5 pounds on average, whereas the regular diet group gained weight.

Researchers identified key improvements linked to the fasting approach. Blood tests revealed lower levels of inflammatory markers, including a 60% drop in calprotectin, a protein associated with gut inflammation. Endoscopic exams after six weeks also showed better intestinal health. The team attributed these changes to reduced inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6 and TNF-α), a shift in gut bacteria that increased butyrate production, and a stabilisation of the gut barrier.

Experts note that intermittent fasting may help by improving metabolic signals, cutting visceral fat, and altering immune responses tied to inflammation. However, they stress that this approach is not suitable for everyone with Crohn's disease. Patients are advised to consult their healthcare team before making dietary changes.

The findings highlight time-restricted eating as a possible tool for some Crohn's disease patients dealing with obesity and inflammation. Those in the study experienced measurable improvements in symptoms, weight, and gut health markers. Further research may clarify how widely this method could be applied in managing the condition.